Excercise 4 Reference Sources

1. Where can you find information about Nobel Prize? Who get the Nobel Prize this year?

- http://nobelprize.org/nobelfoundation/press/2009/announcements_09.html

Nobel Laureates 2008:

1) Physics:

Yoichiro Nambu "for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics"

Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"

2) Chemistry:
Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie and Roger Y. Tsien "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP"

3) Physiology or Medicine:

Harald zur Hausen "for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer" Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus"

4) Literature:

Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio "author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization"

5) Peace:

Martti Ahtisaari "for his important efforts, on several continents and over more than three decades, to resolve international conflicts"

6) Prize in Economics:

Paul Krugman "for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity"

2. Go to Encyclopedia Online at http://library.spu.ac.th/ Search for the history of automobiles or computer. Summarize the information you get.

-Fascinating facts about the invention of the modern Automobile by Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz in 1889:

AUTOMOBILE
In terms of the lives of average people, there is little doubt that the automobile is the most revolutionary invention in the history of transportation since the wheel. The basic premise of the automobile is simple; choose a wheeled vehicle from the many types typically pulled by horses or oxen, add a motor and create a self-propelled, personal transportation vehicle.
The earliest ancestor of the modern automobile is probably the Fardier, a three-wheeled, steam-powered, 2.3-mph vehicle built in 1771 by Nicolas Joseph Cugnot for the French minister of war. This cumbersome machine was never put into production because it was much slower and harder to operate than a horse-drawn vehicle.

Amedee Bollee, also a Frenchman, built an improved 12-passenger steam car in 1873, but the steam engine proved impractical for a machine that was intended to challenge the speed of a horse-and-buggy. The invention of the practical automobile had to await the invention of a workable internal combustion engine.

The milestone vehicle was built in Germany in 1889 by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Powered by a 1.5 hp, two-cylinder gasoline engine, it had a four-speed transmission and traveled at 10 mph. Another German, Karl Benz, also built a gasoline-powered car the same year. The gasoline-powered automobile, or motor car, remained largely a curiosity for the rest of the nineteenth century, with only a handful being manufactured in Europe and the United States.

The first automobile to be produced in quantity was the 1901 Curved Dash Oldsmobile, which was built in the United States by Ransom E. Olds. Modern automobile mass production, and its use of the modern industrial assembly line, is credited to Henry Ford of Detroit, Michigan, who had built his first gasoline-powered car in 1896. Ford began producing his Model T in 1908, and by 1927, when it was discontinued, over 18 million had rolled off the assembly line.

3. What is the difference between general book and reference book?

-A reference book is a book, such as a dictionary or encyclopedia, to which one can refer for authoritative information. But a general book is a set of written, printed, or blank pages fastened along one side and encased between protective covers.

4. When do you need to search information from the reference collection?

- Mostly when you do researches on academic projects, like going through the library or googling online. It's not that easy to get what they're exactly looking for, so reference collection comes in handy. Reference Collection gives the researchers the right of way to reach their study point. Just imagine going through 50 sections of books in a library, but you hardly know which direction you should take, even to start. But when there's a reference book right on a shelf, you open it. It will definitely lead you to the right direction, and finally have found what you've been looking for.

5. What type of reference collection that you like to use most? And why?

- I mostly go for dictionaries. My favorite one would be "Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, which has been with me nearly everywhere I go for the last 8 or 9 years I believe. I personally love to read dictionary regularly, because there're always new English words every day to learn. Besides a few of English-English dictionaries I possess. There're also English-Spanish, French-Thai, German-Thai, or even German-German ones that I have.

6. General Information on Atlas

- A comprehensive and visually innovative atlas of our world.
THE VISUAL WORLD ATLAS: Facts and maps of the curent worldThe Visual World Atlas lays out a complete and detailed panorama of our planet. It covers 36 themes related to physical and human geography (geology, environment, politics, demographics, economics, etc.) and provides thousands of statistics on the 193 countries of the world taken from trustworthy sources. Concise and accessible texts are linked to visual content of exceptional quality: realistic illustrations, photographs taken in the four corners of the world, and more than 120 maps carefully selected for their content.
This is a complete and attractive reference book, and indispensable to anyone whowishes to discover and understand the world in all its diversity. The Visual World Atlas is outstanding for its rich content, which is both detailed and up-to-date, itsrigorous thematic organization, and its extraordinary graphic presentation.

Published by: QA International

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